Temperature Definition in Science

Temperature Definition in Science Temperature is a target estimation of how hot or cold an article is. It very well may be estimated with a thermometer or a calorimeter. It is a methods for deciding the inward vitality contained inside a given framework. Since people effectively see the measure of warmth and cold inside a territory, it is justifiable that temperature is an element of reality that we have a genuinely instinctive handle on. Consider that huge numbers of us have our first association with a thermometer with regards to medication, when a specialist (or our parent) utilizes one to observe our temperature, as a major aspect of diagnosing an ailment. Undoubtedly, temperature is a basic idea in a wide assortment of logical controls, not simply medication. Warmth Versus Temperature Temperature is not the same as warmth, in spite of the fact that the two ideas are connected. Temperature is a proportion of the inside vitality of a framework, while heat is a proportion of how vitality is moved from one framework (or body) to another, or, how temperatures in a single framework are raised or brought down by connection with another. This is generally depicted by the active hypothesis, at any rate for gases and liquids. The active hypothesis clarifies that the more noteworthy the measure of warmth is ingested into a material, the more quickly the molecules inside that material start to move, and, the quicker iotas move, the more the temperature increments. As atoms hinder their development, the material gets cooler. Things get somewhat more entangled for solids, obviously, yet that is the fundamental thought. Temperature Scales A few temperature scales exist. In the United States, the Fahrenheit temperature is most regularly utilized, however the International System of Units (SI unit) Centigrade (or Celsius) is utilized in the vast majority of the remainder of the world. The Kelvin scale is utilized frequently in material science and is balanced with the goal that 0 degrees Kelvin is equivalent to supreme zero, which is, in principle, the coldest conceivable temperature and so, all in all motor movement stops. Estimating Temperature A customary thermometer estimates temperature by containing a liquid that extends at a referred to rate as it gets more sizzling and agreements as it gets cooler. As the temperature changes, the fluid inside a contained cylinder moves along a scale on the gadget. Likewise with quite a bit of present day science, we can think back to the people of old for the birthplaces of the thoughts regarding how to gauge temperature back to the people of yore. In the primary century CE, the Greek scholar and mathematician Hero (or Heron) of Alexandria (10â€70 CE) wrote in his work Pneumatics about the connection among temperature and the development of air. After the Gutenberg Press was concocted, Heros book was distributed in Europe in 1575, its more extensive accessibility motivating the making of the soonest thermometers all through the next century. Concocting the Thermometer The Italian space expert Galileoâ (1564â€1642) was one of the main researchers recorded to have really utilized a gadget that deliberate temperature, however it is muddled whether he really constructed it himself or obtained the thought from another person. He utilized a gadget called a thermoscope to gauge the measure of warmth and cold, at any rate as ahead of schedule as 1603. All through the 1600s, different researchers attempted to make thermometers that deliberate temperature by a difference in pressure inside a contained estimation gadget. English doctor Robert Fludd (1574â€1637) assembled a thermoscope in 1638 that had a temperature scale incorporated with the physical structure of the gadget, bringing about the principal thermometer. With no concentrated arrangement of estimation, every one of these researchers built up their own estimation scales, and none of them truly got on until Dutch-German-Polish physicist and inventor Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686â€1736) manufactured his in the mid 1700s. He fabricated a thermometer with liquor in 1709, however it was actually his mercury-based thermometer of 1714 that turned into the best quality level of temperature estimation. Altered by Anne Marie Helmenstine, Ph.D.

Epicurus His Philosophy of Pleasure

Epicurus His Philosophy of Pleasure Knowledge hasnt come above and beyond since Epicurus yet has frequently gone a large number of steps backwards.​Friedrich Nietzsche About Epicurus Epicurus (341-270 B.C.) was conceived in Samos and kicked the bucket in Athens. He learned at Platos Academy when it was controlled by Xenocrates. Afterward, when he joined his family on Colophon, Epicurus concentrated under Nausiphanes, who acquainted him with the way of thinking of Democritus. In 306/7 Epicurus purchased a house in Athens. It was in its nursery that he showed his way of thinking. Epicurus and his adherents, who included slaves and ladies, separated themselves from the life of the city. The Virtue of Pleasure Epicurus and his way of thinking of joy have been questionable for more than 2000 years. One explanation is our inclination to dismiss delight as an ethical decent. We typically consider noble cause, empathy, lowliness, insight, respect, equity, and different ideals as ethically great, while joy is, best case scenario, ethically unbiased, yet for Epicurus, conduct in quest for delight guaranteed an upstanding life. It is difficult to carry on with a lovely existence without living carefully and respectably and legitimately, and it is difficult to live admirably and decently and evenhandedly without living wonderfully. At whatever point any of these is inadequate with regards to, when, for example, the man can't live astutely, however he lives decently and legitimately, it is inconceivable for him to live a wonderful life.Epicurus, from Principal Doctrines Indulgence and Ataraxia Indulgence (an actual existence dedicated to joy) is the thing that huge numbers of us consider when we hear Epicurus name, yet ataraxia, the experience of ideal, suffering joy, is the thing that we should connect with the atomist logician. Epicurus says we ought do whatever it takes not to build our pleasure past the purpose of most extreme force. Consider it as far as eating. On the off chance that youre hungry, theres torment. On the off chance that you eat to fill the craving, you feel better and are acting as per Epicureanism. Interestingly, on the off chance that you gorge yourself, you experience torment, once more. The size of delight arrives at its breaking point in the expulsion of all torment. At the point when such delight is available, inasmuch as it is continuous, there is no agony both of body or of brain or of both together. Satiation As indicated by Dr. J. Chander*, in his course notes on Stoicism and Epicureanism, for Epicurus, lavishness prompts torment, not joy. In this manner we ought to stay away from lavishness. Erotic joys move us towards ataraxia, which is satisfying in itself. We ought not seek after interminable incitement, but instead search out suffering satiation. All wants that don't prompt torment when they stay unsatisfied are superfluous, however the craving is handily disposed of, when the thing wanted is hard to acquire or the wants appear to probably create hurt. The Spread of Epicureanism As per The Intellectual Development and Spread of Epicureanism, Epicurus ensured the endurance of his school (The Garden) in his will. Difficulties from seeking Hellenistic methods of reasoning, strikingly, Stoicism and Skepticism, prodded Epicureans to build up a portion of their precepts in a lot more noteworthy detail, outstandingly their epistemology and a portion of their moral speculations, particularly their hypotheses concerning companionship and ethicalness. More bizarre, here you will do well to delay; here our most noteworthy great is delight. The overseer of that habitation, a benevolently have, will be prepared for you; he will invite you with bread, and serve you water additionally in bounty, with these words: Have you not been all around engaged? This nursery doesn't spark your interest; however extinguishes it. Hostile to Epicurean Cato In 155 B.C., Athens sent out a portion of its driving savants to Rome, where Epicureanism, specifically, irritated moderates like Marcus Porcius Cato. In the long run, be that as it may, Epicureanism flourished in Rome and can be found in the writers, Vergil (Virgil), Horace, and Lucretius. Expert Epicurean Thomas Jefferson All the more as of late, Thomas Jefferson was an Epicurean. In his 1819 Letter to William Short, Jefferson face up the inadequacies of different methods of reasoning and the ethics of Epicureanism. The letter likewise contains a short Syllabus of the principles of Epicurus. Antiquated Writers on the Topic of Epicureanism EpicurusDiogenes LaertiusLucretiusCiceroHoraceLucianCornelius NeposPlutarchSenecaLactantiusOrigen Sources David John Furley Epicurus Whos Who in the Classical World. Ed. Simon Hornblower and Tony Spawforth. Oxford University Press, 2000. Indulgence and the Happy Life: The Epicurean Theory of Pleasure, www.epicureans.org/intro.html Aloofness and Epicureanism, moon.pepperdine.edu/gsep/class/morals/emotionlessness/default.html

What is Recruitment Definition, Recruitment Process, Best Practices

What is Recruitment Definition, Recruitment Process, Best Practices © Shutterstock.com | Rawpixel.comAdvertising vacancies. Hiring. Conducting job interviews. Performing background checks. Reviewing application documents and credentials. Screening.These are simply several of the many words and phrases that we hear, all of them relating to choosing a person to do a job in an organization. All of the terms apply, and that is because they are part of one all-encompassing process in human resources management, and that is Recruitment.In this guide, we explore 1) what is recruitment, 2) the factors incluencing recruitment, 3) the recruitment process, and 4) best practices in recruiting.WHAT IS  RECRUITMENTIn human resource management, “recruitment” is the process of finding and hiring the best and most qualified candidate for a job opening, in a timely and cost-effective manner. It can also be  defined as the “process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating and encouraging them to apply for jobs in an organization”.It is one whole process, with a full life cycle, that begins with identification of the needs of the company with respect to the job, and ends with the introduction of the employee to the organization.When we speak of the recruitment process, we immediately think of activities such as the analysis of the requirements of a specific job, attracting candidates to apply for that job, screening the applicants and selecting among them, hiring the chosen candidates to become new employees of the organization, and integrating them into the structure.Obviously, the main reason why the recruitment process is implemented is to find the persons who are best qualified for the positions within the company, and who will help them towards attaining organizational goals. But there are other reasons why a recruitment process is important.To ensure proper alignment of skill sets to organizational goals.Through recruitment, organizations make sure  that the skill sets of the staff or manpower of the company remains al igned to its initiatives and goals.In the event that they notice some positions do not really contribute to the advancement of the organization towards its goals, then it can take the proper action to correct this, probably through job redesign, restructuring of the workforce, or conduct of job enrichment programs.To ensure effective and efficient recruiting.Effective recruiting means that the person employed for the job is the best possible candidate for it, with all the required skills, talents and qualifications of the job. Efficient recruiting, on the other hand, means that the process has been carried out without incurring a lot of costs on the part of the organization. By following the process, there is a greater chance that the human resources department can get the best possible person for the job.Organizations may carry out their hiring processes their own way, but without a system or set guidelines in place for its conduct and implementation, there is a risk that the compa ny may incur more expenses than necessary.The company will also end up wasting its resources if the wrong or unqualified person was actually hired. Not only will this create problems for the company in the long run, particularly in the attainment of its goals, but it would mean that the organization would also have wasted its resources in training an employee that is not right for the job after all.To ensure compliance with policies and laws.There are various rules, laws and regulations that organizations must adhere to when it comes to its human resources management. Equal opportunity employment and non-discrimination in hiring are two of them. By following a recruitment process, the chances of the organization violating these policies will be low.This is how you can create your employer value proposition and convince talent to join your company. FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE RECRUITMENTRecruitment is affected by several factors. These factors play a big part on whether the recruitment pr ocess will be successful or not.Size of the organizationA large organization is bound to have a higher demand for new employees. It is bound to look for more people, since the structure will require more manpower. On the other end of the spectrum, a small enterprise, like a new company just starting its operations, will require only a lean staff.Comparing the two, it is clear that the smaller enterprise will have a simpler, more straightforward and shorter recruitment process, conducted by only one or two people. The larger organization, however, will have a lengthier and more complex recruitment process, one where several members of the organization will take part in.Current employment conditions in the economyTry comparing employment opportunities in a country with a developed economy with that of an underdeveloped one. An organization operating in an underdeveloped economy may have difficulty finding the candidates with the talents and skills it requires.The availability of prosp ective talents is one huge issue with respect to the economy that an enterprise belongs to. The company will have to design and implement its recruitment process in a way that will address this issue.Salary structure of the organizationSay one company is known to provide higher salaries and wages to its employees. Once it advertises its open position, candidates are likely to line up submitting their resumes. However, a company known to be quite stingy with its wages will have more difficulty recruiting top talents.In addition, it may even have problems keeping or retaining its employees, since no employee would want to stay for a long time in a company that will not pay him enough for his services.Working conditions within the organizationMaintaining employees’ job satisfaction is one way for organizations to keep its employees, and attract new ones.Prospective candidates will first look for work in companies or organizations that are known to provide good working conditions and looks out for the health and well-being of their employees.Growth rate of the organizationThere are organizations that grow at a fast rate, which means that they will require new employees from time to time. However, there are also organizations that do not grow as much, or even at all. The only time that these organizations with low growth rates are likely to recruit new employees would be when the old ones retire or resign.Before we fully launch into the recruitment process, let us address one question first: who conducts the recruitment process?The answer is largely dependent on the size of the organization, as well as its culture and practices. Large companies have their own human resource departments, where they have in-house hiring managers. They may also acquire the services of third-party and independent human resource professionals and recruitment agencies.Follow this recruiting tips for startups and SMEs.[slideshare id=51208092doc=hellotalentcomicpdf-150803073440-lva1-app6 891w=710h=400]THE RECRUITMENT PROCESSOrganizations, depending on their structure and specific needs, may have special procedures that they integrate into their recruitment process. For purposes of discussion, however, we will take a look at the general approach of a recruitment process, one that is used by most organizations or companies across various industries.Many say that recruitment begins when the job description is already in place and the hiring managers begin the process of actually looking for candidates. However, if we are looking at it more holistically, the process begins way earlier than that.Prior to the recruitment process, the organization must first identify the vacancy and evaluate the need for that position. Will the organization suffer if that vacancy is not filled up? Is there really a need for that open position to be occupied by someone? If the answer is affirmative, then you can proceed to the recruitment.Step 1: Conduct of a job analysisBasically, this ste p will allow the human resources manager, hiring manager, and other members of management on what the new employee will be required to do in the position that is currently open for filling up. This has to be done in a systematic manner, which is what the job analysis is for.According to human resource managers, the position or job description is the “core of a successful recruitment process”. After all, it is the main tool used in developing assessment tests and interview questions for the applicants.What does this stage entail?a. Build a job description.Before anything else, the organization must first know exactly what it needs. Or who it needs. It could be that the organization deemed a need for a job that is not included in the current roster of jobs. Hence, the need to create a new one.Job analysis involves identification of the activities of the job, and the attributes that are needed for it. These are the main parts that will make up the job description. This part has to be done right, since the job description will also be used in the job advertisement when it is time to source out talents.The job description generally includes the following:Title and other general information about the positionPurpose of the position in the unit, department, and organization as wholeEssential functions of the job or positionMinimum requirements or basic qualificationsb. Review the job description.Once the job description has been created, it is a good idea to review it for accuracy, and to assess whether it is current or not. Also, in cases where job descriptions are already in place, there is a need to revisit them and check their accuracy and applicability with respect to the status quo. What if the job description is already outdated? A review will reveal the need to update the job description, for current applicability.There are three positive outcomes from conducting a review of the job description:To ensure continuous improvement of the organizational struct ure. This can be an efficient way of conducting organizational audit, to determine which jobs are redundant and thus no longer needed, and which ones are needed.To evaluate competencies for each position. Jobs evolve. In as much as circumstances and work conditions change, so will the requirements for the job. It is possible that a job may require a new competency from the worker that it did not need before. By evaluating the competencies, the impact of the job within the organizational structure is ensured.To evaluate the wages or compensation for each position. Without management knowing it, the worker or employee performing a specific job may be undercompensated, leading to dissatisfaction. By reviewing the job description, management can assess whether the job is getting paid an amount that is commensurate to the skills and competencies required.Finally, you should then have an effective job description ready for attracting talent.[slideshare id=40302867doc=writeeffectivejobdesc riptions-141015091444-conversion-gate02w=710h=400]c. Set minimum qualifications for the employee who will do the job.These are the basic requirements that applicants are required to have in order to be considered for the position. These are required for the employee to be able to accomplish the essential functions of the job. Therefore, they should be relevant and directly relate to the identified duties and responsibilities of the position.The organization may also opt to include other preferred qualifications that they are looking for, on top of the minimum or basic qualifications.d. Define a salary range.The job must belong to a salary range that is deemed commensurate to the duties and responsibilities that come with the position. Aside from complying with legislation (such as laws on minimum wages and other compensation required by law), the organization should also base this on prevailing industry rates.For example, if the position is that of a computer programmer, then the sa lary range should be within the same range that other companies within the same industry offer.Step 2: Sourcing of talentThis is the stage where the organization will let it be known to everyone that there is an open position, and that they are looking for someone to fill it up.Before advertising, however, the organization must first know where to look for potential candidates. They should search out the sources where the persons that can potentially fill the job are going to be available for recruitment. That way, they will know where to direct their advertising efforts.Various methods are employed by organizations in order to advertise the open position.Networking. Word-of-mouth is the best form of advertising, and when it takes the form of networking, it becomes more effective. In recruitment, this is often done through representatives of the company attending college and career fairs, letting them know about the opening in their organization. This is a tactic employed by large s oftware and tech companies that want to hire fresh, young and brilliant minds into their organization. They personally visit colleges, targeting the top students. They also use their connections within the industry to attract the attention of talents with the highest potential.Posting. Recruitment often involves the application of candidates both from within and outside the company. Thus, in order to attract the best possible talents, it is recommended that the posting of the open positions be made internally and externally. Internal posting usually takes the form of the vacancy announcement being displayed in bulletin boards and other areas within the business premises where the employees and visitors to the company are likely to see it. Posting externally may be in the form of flyers being distributed, or vacancy notices being displayed in other areas outside of the business premises. Companies with websites often post open positions on their company site, while some also use  job boards.Print and media advertising. One classic example of this would be the Classifieds section of the local daily or weekly newspaper. Companies looking for people to fill up open positions make the announcement in the newspapers, providing the qualifications and the contact details where prospective applicants may submit their application documents. When trying to attract the attention of suitable candidates, the organization makes use of various tools and techniques. If it wants to get the best candidates, then it should not be haphazard about things.Developing and using proper techniques. The company may include various offerings in order to attract the best candidates. Examples are attractive salaries, bonus and incentive packages, additional perks and opportunities that come with the job, proper facilities at work, and various programs for development.Using the reputation of the company. Perhaps the best publicity that the company can use to attract candidates is its own rep utation in the market. If the company is known for being a good employer â€" one that aids in its employees’ personal and professional growth and development â€" then it is a good point for the company to capitalize on in advertising its open positions.Step 3: Screening of applicantsThis is most probably the part of the recruitment process that requires the most amount of work. This is where the applicants’ skills and personalities are going to be tested and evaluated, to ascertain whether they are a good fit for the job and its description.Preliminary screening. It is often the case, especially in large organizations, where one open position will receive hundreds to thousands of applications from candidates. In an ideal world, it would be good for the hiring managers to be able to interview each and every single one of them. However, that is also impractical, and very tedious. Not really advisable, especially if the organization is in need of manpower in the soonest possible ti me. Thus, there is a need to shorten the list of candidates, and that is done through a preliminary screening. Usually, this is conducted by going through the submitted resumes and choosing only those that are able to meet the minimum qualifications. It is possible that this would shorten the list of applicants, leaving a more manageable number.Initial interview. The candidates who were able to pass the preliminary screening will now undergo the initial interview. In most cases, the initial interview is done through phone. There are those who also conduct interviews through videos using their internet connection. Often a basic interview, this may involve the candidates being asked questions to evaluate or assess their basic skills and various personal characteristics that are relevant to the open position.Conduct of various tests for recruitment. The hiring managers may conduct tests on the skills of the candidates and how they use these skills and talents. Other tests that are ofte n employed are behavioral tests and personality assessment tests.Final interview. Usually depending on the number of candidates for the job, and the preference of the hiring managers and senior management, a series of interviews may be conducted, gradually narrowing down the list of candidates. This may go on until the company has finally come up with a shortlist of candidates that will undergo a final interview. Often, the final interview requires a face-to-face meeting between the candidate and the hiring managers, as well as other members of the organization. Top management may even be involved during the final interview, depending on the job or position that will be filled up.Selection. In this stage, the hiring managers, human resources representatives, and other members of the organization who participated in the process meet together to finally make a selection among the candidates who underwent the final interview. During the discussion, the matters considered are:Qualificat ions of the candidates who were able to reach the last stage of the screening processResults of the assessments and interviews that the final pool of candidates were subjected toThere will be no problem if they have a unanimous decision on the candidate that the job will be offered to. In case of varying opinions, the majority will prevail.If they do not arrive at a decision, there may be a need to restart the recruiting process, until such time that they are able to reach a decision that everyone will be satisfied with. Step 4: Finalization of the job offerThe last step of the previous phase involves the selection of the best candidate out of the pool of applicants. It is now time for the organization to offer the job to the selected applicant.Making the offer: To make things more formal, a representative of the company or of the human resources department will contact the candidate and inform him that he has been selected for the job. In this stage, complete details of the compens ation package will also be made known to the applicant.Acceptance of the offer by the applicant: The applicant should also communicate his acceptance of the offer for it to be final. Take note that, if the selected applicant does not accept the job offer and declines it, the recruitment process will have to start all over again.Step 5: Introduction and induction of the new employeeThe moment that the applicant accepted the job offer, he has officially gone from being an applicant to an employee of the organization. The induction process will now begin.Usually, the beginning of the induction process is marked by the signing of the employment contract, along with a welcome package given to the new employee. The date for the first day that the employee will have to report for work and start working in the company will be determined and communicated to the newly hired employee.However, it doesn’t end there. The employee will still have to undergo pre-employment screening, which often includes background and reference checks. When all these pre-employment information have been verified, the employee will now be introduced to the organization.BEST PRACTICES IN RECRUITMENTEstablish a well-planned recruitment process…and follow itA process, no matter how well-planned and well-documented, will only be successful if it is actually followed. After all, it is just like any other business process. In fact, the Recruitment Process Outsourcing Association (RPOA) compared the recruitment function to a “sales function”, saying that the two are similar, except for the fact that what is being sold is not a product or a service, but the idea of a position or a job.Invest in highly-skilled recruiters and keep training them: If the organization has its own human resources team put in charge of the recruitment process, then it is important that the best people are chosen to carry out the tasks and functions. Make sure that the recruiters made as part of the team possess the skills and talents required. The organization should also ensure the continuous development of these recruiters by training them and providing opportunities to grow and hone their skills.Establish a strong relationship with hiring managers and recruitment specialists: If you acquire the services of hiring managers and recruitment specialists and consultants in your recruitment, then make sure that you build and maintain a solid and positive relationship with them. This will motivate them to carry out your recruitment process effectively and efficiently, ensuring the quality of hire. Set up a Careers WebsiteThese days, most business transactions are conducted using the Internet. Thus, it will be to the organization’s advantage to have its own careers website, where all recruiting processes will be conducted from. For starters, it is a good place to post vacancies or job openings. It is also an excellent platform for the company to establish its reputation as a potentially good orga nization to work for.Oracle named five benefits to having a careers website:Savings on the conduct of staffing processes, particularly on labor and timeSavings on sourcing since the candidates will be the ones to approach the companyEnhancement of company brand and reputationImproved candidate quality, thereby improving the quality of hired employeesSavings on opportunity costs, thanks to the streamlining of the recruiting processUse smart sourcing tools and technologiesCompanies spend a lot of money on talent acquisition, particularly on sourcing and attracting top candidates. By using smart sourcing technologies and other tools, the costs can be cut down, and small businesses can be competitive in its recruitment process, even with the threat of larger companies looming over them.The general perception is that the larger companies have greater chances of attracting the best talents, precisely because they have more resources at their disposal, and have access to more (and better) tools. However, the introduction of smart sourcing technologies leveled the playing field a bit, so that small businesses may also have the same opportunities.Examples of smart sourcing is the automation of job board and recruitment processes, building of a talent pool instead of relying on the databases of third-party recruitment agencies and specialists, and using social media and social networks in the recruitment process. The third one is of particular note, considering how many people now look for jobs using social media. In fact, in a study published by Meisha Rouser, it appears that, in 2012, more than 36.6 million workers or employees found their jobs through various social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter and LinkedIn.Implement good candidate relationship managementOnce the organization makes its intention to hire employees known, and applicants express their interest in the position, a relationship has been developed between them. As all relationships in business go, it must be managed properly.The short-term objective here is to ensure that the candidates will have a good experience with the company, even if, in the end, they are not selected for the job. The long-term goal, on the other hand, is to sustain enduring relationships with the candidates so that, in the future, they will still be interested in applying for a position in your company. This will also put your organization in a favorable light for other, future, applicants.Establish a communications process where the candidates, the employees and the organization may interact freely and directly.Allow the candidates to be the one to create and manage their own profiles in your database or manpower pool.Provide status updates regularly to the candidates about the hiring process.Practice compliance managementNot only does the company have to automate and streamline its recruitment process, it should also see to it that everything is documented and archived properly. This is because t he organization will still be required to comply with certain rules and regulations set forth by different government and regulatory agencies regarding recruitment and human resource management.Automation of reporting procedures. To easily comply with reporting requirements about the activities involved in the recruitment processes, it would be a good idea to automate how the information is recorded, maintained, and distributed.Practice increased transparency. Organizations may be required to properly notify about and advertise its open positions.Ensure proper certifications and qualifications. There are positions where the basic qualifications involve the possession of specific certifications, accreditations or licenses. By conducting thorough background checks, compliance with these requirements will be facilitated.Involve employees and other members of the organizationThe organization should encourage involvement of employees in the recruitment process, and one way to do that is to establish and maintain a strong employee referral program. Instead of focusing solely on external.

The Key Aspects of the Industrial Revolution in the United States of America Free Essay Example, 1750 words

One of the major disadvantages of the revolution was that because it was so fast paced, many industries and people were not yet ready to cope with it. Farmers, for example, after having always been the focal point of the country s economy, were almost suddenly forced to relinquish the reigns of the economy to manufacturers and factory workers. This led to resentment between the different types of workers and, more importantly, unemployment. The resentment led to many angry farmers moving towards the bigger cities, staging riots, and wreaking chaos by burning factories and protesting in front of them. Many rioters were consequently arrested and put away, but the resentment could not be ignored. One major reality of the revolution was that although in theory, it did provide jobs and work opportunities for a large segment of the population, most of these jobs provided the workers humiliating conditions, such as long work hours, unsafe working environment, and very low pay. Therefore, i n this way, many people argued that although the revolution did give the economy a positive push, this increase in activity did little for the working class except make them work harder for what they earned. We will write a custom essay sample on The Key Aspects of the Industrial Revolution in the United States of America or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page This expansion of the social classes also meant that the poor children never really could rise up on the social ladder because of the compromise that was made on their education in return for earnings.

Case Study Supply Chain Management Essay - 1088 Words

Summary The globalization of organizations and more competitive forces have compelled more manufacturing businesses to improve an efficient supply chain planning for reducing the cost of supply chain. Planning of supply chain is being the critical component of business’ management. Supply chains have conventionally been split, being unsuccessful to assimilate the business utilities in the chain of logistics process. Such difficulties, as extended order lead times, high inventory costs, and struggle in answering proactive to real time variations, having lower profits and weak client goodwill that can be determined by putting together supply chain management schemes for transportation and warehousing. Supply chain can be explained as a combined practice where actually numerous different organizations individuals such as manufactures, retailers, distributors, and suppliers perform together in order to obtain raw materials, transform these raw materials into wanted ultimate products and s upply these ultimate products to the vendors. The key methods in this combined procedure are the distribution, logistics, production planning and control. The production and planning steps are two of the most crucial parts to obtain worldwide optimization in supply chain management. And, this should be explained inside the integrated planning infrastructure. Interactive parts of supply chain included key parts such as purchase, production, logistics planning, sale, production and manufacturingShow MoreRelatedSupply Chain Management : Case Study869 Words   |  4 PagesMicroeconomics 25 March 2015 Supply Chain Management Tom Greening once said, All management begins with planning† (Tom Greening). Those who study and research supply chain management will agree that the aforementioned quote holds true in their field. Companies looking to reduce their costs and better their customer service often look to implement supply chain management. In order to effectively execute successful supply chain management one must acknowledge the importance of demand management, communicationRead MoreCase Study : Supply Chain Management1182 Words   |  5 PagesSupply chain management is currently an important aspect in Management Information System. So much technology and brainpower have been used to improve the performance. In this decade electronic data interchange has made the process flexible, automatic warehousing and rapid logistics. Every organizations are trying to make their supply chain management more accurate using quick response, efficient customer response, mass customization, lean and agile manufa cturing. (Fisher, 1997) Value and rate ofRead MoreCase Study : Supply Chain Management1028 Words   |  5 PagesSUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT IN RETIAL INDUSTRY: CONCEPTS, STRATEGIES AND WALMART CASE STUDY Mian Wang CID: 01090728 Imperial College Business School, MSc Management ABSTRACT With the rapid increase of operation cost and fast development of E-commence in today’s retail industry, traditional operation management models are antiquated. Companies attempt to enhance competitive capacity through management innovation, and an increasing amount of attention is paid to their supply chain management forRead MoreCase Study : Supply Chain Management1925 Words   |  8 Pagesimportant role in the Supply Chain Management sector of business, and majority of the companies involved in Supply Chain Management have adopted new and improve technologies to gain a competitive edge, and become leaders within their industry. Supply Chain Management has become one of the leading industries in business. Companies recognized that in order to get their products to retailers and consumers on a timely manner they have to implement successful Supply Chain Management strategies. CompaniesRead MoreCase Study : Supply Chain Management3682 Words   |  15 Pages Strategic Supply Chain Management Mini Project Report Study of Supply Chain Management in Jewellery Industry of India Submitted by: Bhawana Saraf (2014PGP104) Prakhar Nagori (2014PGP121) Raghav Bhatnagar (2014PGP124) Vinay Jain (2014PGP142) Yashvardhan Kabra (2014PGP143) Title: A study of contemporary trends in supply chain management in Jewellery industry in India. Introduction: Jewellery Market of India India s gems and jewellery industry had a market size of Rs 251,000 crore (US$ 40Read MoreCase Study : Supply Chain Management3763 Words   |  16 PagesAND SUPPLY CHAIN TERM PAPER: DELL– SUPPLY CHAIN STUDY SRUJANA SACHIDANANDA KHOT RedID: 818471037 DATE: 4/27/2015 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Dell is well known for its uniqueness and the innovativeness in its supply chain. They were the pioneers for selling the PC at the cheaper rates. They ranked 2nd in the computer distributors. The benchmark of their successful company was because of their unique Supply Chain Management which used the ‘Built – to – order’ and ‘Direct Sale Strategies’. Supply chainRead MoreCase Study : Supply Chain Management1151 Words   |  5 Pages Supply chain management The three major phases of the production network, acquisition, generation and circulation, have been overseen freely, cushioned by extensive inventories. Expanding focused weights, and business globalization are constraining firms to create supply chains that can rapidly react to client needs. To stay focused, these organizations must decrease working expenses while persistently enhancing client administration. With late advances in correspondences and data innovation, andRead MoreCase Study : Supply Chain Management1344 Words   |  6 PagesTo succeed in today’s competitive markets companies must learn to align their supply chains with the demand of the markets they serve. Supply chain performance is now a distinct competitive advantage for companies who excel in this area. Supply Chain Management(SCM) is defined as a set of approached utilized to efficiently integrate suppliers, manufacturers, warehouses and stores, so that merchandise is produced and distributed at the right quantities to the right locations and at the time in orderRead MoreCase Study : Supply Chain Management1040 Words   |  5 PagesSupply Chain Management covers a broad spectrum of jobs and responsibilities. It deals with the production, transportation, and distributions of goods. (National Career Service) The purpose of a supply chain manager is to make sure that these processes are done and documented correctly in an efficient manner. (Rutgers) An interview with a Distribution Manager at Kelloggs provided some insight on how their company does things. They have everything well organized in a way to streamline production processesRead MoreCase Study : Supply Chain Management943 Words   |  4 PagesWhen supply chain managers are brought together it is the common goal to focus on the process of getting the consumers product though the forward supply chain as quick and efficiently as possible. However, there is a need to focus on the scope of the returns process too. â€Å"Companies can no longer afford to treat reverse logistics management as an afterthought. It needs to be a core capability within the supply chain organization. For years, most shippers paid little attention to returns† (Dowlatshahi

Green Houseeffect and Global Warming Free Essays

Brian John ENG 102 Vicki Besaw 15 April 2013 The green house effect is happening right now at this very moment! According to our text book in physical geography; human induced burning fossil fuels such as natural gas, coal, oil and gasoline raises the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, and carbon dioxide is a major contributor to the green house effect and global warming. (McKnight’s, Physical Geography, P. 75, 2011)What will happen to the Earth and its people, animals, plants, lands and oceans if we fail to successfully address the environmental issues we face today? Our global population, air quality, human health, our food supply drinking water, wild life and habitats will all be effected with global warming. We will write a custom essay sample on Green Houseeffect and Global Warming or any similar topic only for you Order Now What can you do to preserve and protect the environment? There are many things we can do to help our mother earth. Opposition may be the large oil, auto, and coal companies and any explanation they may give from their studies will be bias. WHAT IS GLOBAL WARMING? Global Warming is defined as the increase of the average temperature on Earth. As the Earth is getting hotter, disasters like hurricanes, droughts and floods are getting more frequent. â€Å"Global Warming and Green House Effect† StudyMode. com. 09 2010. 09 2010 http://www. studymode. com/essays/Global-Warming-And-Green-House-Effect-416843. html. What causes the greenhouse effect one might ask? According to the movie â€Å"An Inconvenient Truth†, Life on earth depends on energy from the sun. About 30 percent of the sunlight that beams toward Earth is deflected by the outer atmosphere and scattered back into space. The rest reaches the planet’s surface and is reflected upward again as a type of slow-moving energy called infrared radiation. (movie; An Inconvenient Truth,2006) The heat caused by infrared radiation is absorbed by â€Å"greenhouse gases† such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, ozone and methane, which slows its escape from the atmosphere. Although greenhouse gases make up only about 1 percent of the Earth’s atmosphere, they regulate our climate by trapping heat and holding it in a kind of warm-air blanket that surrounds the planet. This phenomenon is what scientists call the â€Å"greenhouse effect. Without it, scientists estimate that the average temperature on Earth would be colder by approximately 30 degrees Celsius (54 degrees Fahrenheit), far too cold to sustain our current ecosystem. How do humans contribute to the greenhouse effect? In our textbook â€Å"While the greenhouse effect is an essential environmental prerequisite for life on Earth, there really can be too much of a good thing. The problems begin when human activities distort and accelerate the natural process by creating more greenhouse gases in the atmosphere than are necessary to warm the planet to an ideal temperature. Burning natural gas, coal and oil -including gasoline for automobile engines-raises the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. * Some farming practices and land-use changes increase the levels of methane and nitrous oxide. * Many factories produce long-lasting industrial gases that do not occur naturally, yet contribute significantly to the enhanced greenhouse effect and â€Å"global warming† that is currently under way. * Deforestation also contributes to global warming. Trees use carbon dioxide and give off oxygen in its place, which helps to create the optimal balance of gases in the atmosphere. As more forests are logged for timber or cut down to make way for farming, however, there are fewer trees to perform this critical function. * Population growth is another factor in global warming, because as more people use fossil fuels for heat, transportation and manufacturing the level of greenhouse gases continues to increase. As more farming occurs to feed millions of new people, more greenhouse gases enter the atmosphere. American Geophysical Union, Human Impacts on Climate, adopted by AGU Council, December 2003. ) Ultimately, more greenhouse gases means more infrared radiation trapped and held which gradually increases the temperature of the Earth’s surface and the air in the lower atmosphere. According to the movie â€Å"The Eleventh Hour†, the average global temperature is increasing quickly. Today, the increase in the Earth’s temperature is increasing with unprecedented speed. To understand just how quickly global arming is accelerating, consider this: During the entire 20th century, the average global temperature increased by about 0. 6 degrees Celsius (slightly more than 1 degree Fahrenheit). Using computer climate models, scientists estimate that by the year 2100 the average global temperature will increase by 1. 4 degrees to 5. 8 degrees Celsius (approximately 2. 5 degrees to 10. 5 degrees Fahrenheit). Not all scientists agree. While the majority of mainstream scientists agree that global warming is a serious problem that is growing steadily worse, there are some who disagree. John Christy, a professor and director of the Earth System Science Center at the University of Alabama in Huntsville is a respected climatologist who argues that global warming isn’t worth worrying about. Christy reached that opinion after analyzing millions of measurements from weather satellites in an effort to find a global temperature trend. He found no sign of global warming in the satellite data, and now believes that predictions of global warming by as much as 10 degrees Fahrenheit by the end of the 21st century are incorrect. In the course stainable development I took here at the College Of Menominee Nation we watched a short 20 minute called â€Å"The Story of Stuff†. Some ways to help the environment; Live green, reduce global warming, conserve energy. (short movie â€Å"The Story Of Stuff†) Want to put more â€Å"green† in your life by saving money and reducing waste? Here is practical information about environmentally friendly food, drink, fashions, cars and cleaning products, to name a few. Make eco-friendly lifestyle choices and buying decisions that will help sustain the environment rather than deplete it. Reducing global warming may seem like a daunting task, but if each of us makes a commitment to taking steps now, we can make a difference. For example, if every family in the United States replaced one regular light bulb with a compact fluorescent, 90 billion pounds of greenhouse gases would be eliminated. Look here for more steps, big and small, that will help to reduce global warming One way to do your part to protect the environment is to make choices every day that enable you to use less energy. Here are some of the things I learned in the sustainable development class at the College of Menominee Nation. Reduce, reuse, recycle, do your part to reduce waste by choosing reusable products instead of disposables. Buying products with minimal packaging (including the economy size when that makes sense for you) will help to reduce waste. And whenever you can, recycle paper, plastic, newspaper, glass and aluminum cans. If there isn’t a recycling program at your workplace, school, or in your community, ask about starting one. By recycling half of your household waste, you can save 2,400 pounds of carbon dioxide annually. Use less heat and air conditioning. Adding insulation to your walls and attic, and installing weather stripping or caulking around doors and windows can lower your heating costs more than 25 percent, by reducing the amount of energy you need to heat and cool your home. Turn down the heat while you’re sleeping at night or away during the day, and keep temperatures moderate at all times. Setting your thermostat just 2 degrees lower in winter and higher in summer could save about 2,000 pounds of carbon dioxide each year. Change a light bulb. Wherever practical, replace regular light bulbs with compact fluorescent light (CFL) bulbs. Replacing just one 60-watt incandescent light bulb with a CFL will save you $30 over the life of the bulb. CFLs also last 10 times longer than incandescent bulbs, use two-thirds less energy, and give off 70 percent less heat. If every U. S. family replaced one regular light bulb with a CFL, it would eliminate 90 billion pounds of greenhouse gases, the same as taking 7. 5 million cars off the road. Drive less and drive smart. Less driving means fewer emissions. Besides saving gasoline, walking and biking are great forms of exercise. Explore your community mass transit system, and check out options for carpooling to work or school. When you do drive, make sure your car is running efficiently. For example, keeping your tires properly inflated can improve your gas mileage by more than 3 percent. Every gallon of gas you save not only helps your budget; it also keeps 20 pounds of carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere. Buy energy-efficient products. When it’s time to buy a new car, choose one that offers good gas mileage. Home appliances now come in a range of energy-efficient models, and compact florescent bulbs are designed to provide more natural-looking light while using far less energy than standard light bulbs. Avoid products that come with excess packaging, especially molded plastic and other packaging that can’t be recycled. If you reduce your household garbage by 10 percent, you can save 1,200 pounds of carbon dioxide annually. Use less hot water. Set your water heater at 120 degrees to save energy, and wrap it in an insulating blanket if it is more than 5 years old. Buy low-flow showerheads to save hot water and about 350 pounds of carbon dioxide yearly. Wash your clothes in warm or cold water to reduce your use of hot water and the energy required to produce it. That change alone can save at least 500 pounds of carbon dioxide annually in most households. Use the energy-saving settings on your dishwasher and let the dishes air-dry. Use the off switch. Save electricity and reduce global warming by turning off lights when you leave a room, and using only as much light as you need. And remember to turn off your television, video player, stereo and computer when you’re not using them. It’s also a good idea to turn off the water when you’re not using it. While brushing your teeth, shampooing the dog or washing your car, turn off the water until you actually need it for rinsing. You’ll reduce your water bill and help to conserve a vital resource. Plant a tree. If you have the means to plant a tree, start digging. During photosynthesis, trees and other plants absorb carbon dioxide and give off oxygen. They are an integral part of the natural atmospheric exchange cycle here on Earth, but there are too few of them to fully counter the increases in carbon dioxide caused by automobile traffic, manufacturing and other human activities. A single tree will absorb approximately one ton of carbon dioxide during its lifetime. Get a report card from your utility company. Many utility companies provide free home energy audits to help consumers identify areas in their homes that may not be energy efficient. In addition, many utility companies offer rebate programs to help pay for the cost of energy-efficient upgrades. Encourage others to conserve. Share information about recycling and energy conservation with your friends, neighbors and co-workers, and take opportunities to encourage public officials to establish programs and policies that are good for the environment. ( Reducing Carbon-Based Energy Consumption through Changes in Household Behavior Thomas Dietz, Paul C. Stern, and Elke U. Weber Daedalus, Winter 2013, Vol. 142, No. 1 , Pages 78-89) These steps will take you a long way toward reducing your energy use and your monthly budget. And less energy use means less dependence on the fossil fuels that create greenhouse gases and contribute to global warming. Works Cited (McKnight’s, Physical Geography, P. 75, 2011) â€Å"Global Warming and Green House Effect† StudyMode. com. 09 2010. 09 2010 ;http://www. studymode. com/essays/Global-Warming-And-Green-House-Effect-416843. html;. (American Geophysical Union, Human Impacts on Climate, adopted by AGU Council, December 2003. ) (short movie â€Å"The Story Of Stuff†) .( Reducing Carbon-Based Energy Consumption through Changes in Household Behavior Thomas Dietz, Paul C. Stern, and Elke U. Weber Daedalus, Winter 2013, Vol. 142, No. 1 , Pages 78-89) How to cite Green Houseeffect and Global Warming, Papers

Notre Dame Cathedral Essays - Joan Of Arc, Notre Dame De Paris

Notre Dame Cathedral Notre Dame, french expression for "Our Lady, the Virgin Mary", is the most famous catholic cathedral and a very well-known landmark in Paris. It is otherwise known as the Cathedrale de Notre Dame de Paris by the French. It stands on the Ile de la cite, a larger of two islands in the Seine River. It is considered a masterpiece of gothic architecture in France. Maurice de Sully was the bishop of Paris at the time, and started the cathedral's construction in 1163. The construcion and design were done by the best artists around and was completed around 1345. Jean de Chelles and Pierre de Montreuil oversaw and directed the construction. It was not finished until the beginning of the 13th century. During the Revolution (the 1700's), it was heavily destroyed by mobs, however, it was restored beginning in 1841 by Viollet le Duc. He added chimeras and gargoyles to the tower walls. The chimeras were being built as decoration, and the gargoyles as rain gutters. The facade of the cathedral is composed of several levels crowning three great portals: the Portal of the Last Judgement, the Portal to the Virgin, and the Portal to Saint Anne. Above this is the Gallery of Kings, which consists of 28 statues of kings of Judah and Israel. Every year about 500,000 visitors make the climb of the 380-stepped stairway that leads to the peak of the cathedral. Their reward for making the long climb is a great view of Paris and a look at "Emmanuel", the 13 ton bell. The bell was operated by pedals that required the energy of 8 men, but today, "Emmanuel" is rung electronically. The Rose Window is one of the only original stained-glass windows left in the cathedral. Most of the windows were removed and rebuilt after World War 2. These are a wonderful and beautiful part of the cathedral. Notre Dame is the setting for the famous film "The Hunchback of Notre Dame". The cathedral itself is 130 meters long, 48 meters wide, and 35 meters tall. Although many other cathedrals have been designed to recreate the structure of Notre Dame, the cathedral in Paris is still considered the original materpiece of Gothic Art.